A Guide to Osteoarthritis Knee Injection Options

Finding Relief for Osteoarthritis Knee Pain

Osteoarthritis knee injections are treatments that deliver medication directly into your knee joint to reduce pain and improve function. If you’re searching for solutions to osteoarthritis knee pain, here’s a quick overview of your injection options:

Living with knee pain from osteoarthritis can make everyday activities like walking, climbing stairs, or even dancing feel impossible. For active seniors, this pain isn’t just an inconvenience – it’s a threat to independence and quality of life.

When over-the-counter pain relievers and physical therapy aren’t enough, knee injections offer a non-surgical option that can provide significant relief. These treatments deliver medication directly to the source of your pain, often allowing you to return to activities you love with minimal downtime.

At Northeast Knee & Joint Institute, we understand that every patient’s journey with osteoarthritis is unique. The right injection therapy depends on your specific symptoms, activity goals, and overall health.

Osteoarthritis Knee Injection Types Explained

When the cushioning cartilage in your knee wears down, the resulting bone-on-bone contact creates that all-too-familiar pain, stiffness, and swelling of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis knee injections deliver relief right where you need it most – directly into the affected joint space.

Through injections, your medication reaches exactly where it’s needed, not scattered throughout your body. The therapeutic agents arrive in higher concentrations right at the trouble spot. You’ll experience fewer whole-body side effects compared to oral medications. And many patients find relief comes more quickly this way.

At Northeast Knee & Joint Institute in Williamsport, PA, precision matters. We use advanced imaging guidance to ensure your injection reaches exactly the right spot. This matters more than you might think – studies show that “blind” knee injections (without imaging) miss the joint space 20-40% of the time, which significantly reduces how well they work.

1. Corticosteroid Injections

When your doctor mentions “steroid shots,” they’re referring to corticosteroid injections – the most commonly used osteoarthritis knee injections. These powerful anti-inflammatory medications mimic cortisol, a natural hormone your body produces to fight inflammation.

• How they work: Corticosteroids calm the angry inflammation in your joint, reducing both pain and swelling.
• What to expect: The whole procedure takes just minutes. Many doctors include a local anesthetic along with the steroid for immediate relief. The steroid itself typically kicks in within 2-3 days.
• Effectiveness: Research shows these injections help relieve symptoms for up to 8 weeks in about 10-20% of patients. Benefits peak around 2 weeks, stay strong for about 6 weeks, and usually fade by 12 weeks.
• Limitations: Most experts recommend limiting yourself to 3-4 injections yearly, with at least 12 weeks between treatments. Studies suggest that frequent, long-term steroid use might potentially weaken joint cartilage.

2. Hyaluronic Acid Injections (Gel Shots)

You might hear these called viscosupplementation or simply “gel shots.” Hyaluronic acid injections aim to replenish the natural joint fluid that provides your knees with both lubrication and shock absorption.

• How they work: Healthy knees naturally contain hyaluronic acid in their joint fluid, but this substance breaks down with osteoarthritis. These injections restore this important component, improving joint lubrication and potentially providing a cushioning effect.
• What to expect: Depending on the specific product, you might receive a single injection or a series of 3-5 weekly injections. Common brands include Synvisc-One, Euflexxa, Orthovisc, and Supartz.
• Effectiveness: Most people experience maximum pain reduction between 8 and 24 weeks after injection, with relief potentially lasting up to 6 months. It’s worth noting that high-quality studies show mixed results, with some finding only minimal benefits compared to a placebo.
• Who benefits most: Patients with milder osteoarthritis or those who can’t tolerate steroids often respond best to these gel shots.

3. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections

PRP represents a newer approach that harnesses healing components from your own blood to potentially stimulate healing and regeneration.

• How they work: A small amount of your blood is drawn and spun in a centrifuge to concentrate platelets and growth factors. This concentrated solution is then injected into your knee joint, where it may reduce inflammation, slow cartilage breakdown, and promote tissue repair.
• What to expect: From blood draw to injection, the whole procedure takes about 30-45 minutes. Results typically develop gradually over several weeks rather than immediately.
• Effectiveness: Clinical studies suggest PRP may provide functional improvement and pain relief lasting 12-24 months, potentially outperforming both corticosteroid and hyaluronic acid injections for long-term relief.

At Northeast Knee & Joint Institute, we use advanced PRP preparation protocols to ensure you receive the optimal concentration of healing factors.

4. Stem Cell Therapy

Stem cell therapy represents one of the most cutting-edge approaches to knee osteoarthritis treatment. Rather than just masking symptoms, it focuses on potential regenerative benefits.

• How it works: Stem cells are harvested from your own bone marrow or fat tissue, concentrated, and injected into your knee joint. These remarkable cells may help reduce inflammation and potentially support cartilage repair.
• What to expect: The procedure involves harvesting cells (typically from your pelvis for bone marrow or abdomen for fat cells), processing them, and injecting them into your knee. The entire process usually takes 1-2 hours.
• Effectiveness: Some studies show symptomatic improvement lasting 6-18 months, with potential for longer-lasting benefits in properly selected patients. This is an area where research continues to evolve rapidly.
• Considerations: Like PRP, many insurance providers still consider stem cell therapy experimental. Researchers continue to refine the optimal cell dosage (typically >5 × 10^7 cells/mL) and harvesting techniques.

5. Prolotherapy Injections

Prolotherapy takes a different approach, using an irritant solution (typically dextrose or sugar water) to stimulate your body’s natural healing response.

• How it works: The injection creates a mild inflammatory response that triggers your body’s healing mechanisms, potentially strengthening ligaments and stabilizing the joint.
• What to expect: Treatments typically occur monthly for 3-4 months. Some mild soreness after the injection is common and expected as part of the healing process.
• Effectiveness: While research on prolotherapy specifically for knee osteoarthritis remains limited, some studies suggest it may provide moderate pain relief and functional improvement for 3-6 months in selected patients.

Who Is a Candidate for Osteoarthritis Knee Injections?

Not everyone with knee osteoarthritis will benefit equally from injection therapy. The best candidates typically include:

1. Patients with moderate osteoarthritis confirmed by X-ray or MRI
2. Those who have tried first-line treatments without adequate relief, including physical therapy, weight management, low-impact exercise, over-the-counter pain medications, and knee braces or supports
3. Patients seeking to delay or avoid knee replacement surgery
4. Those experiencing pain that interferes with daily activities or sleep

When Injections May Not Be Recommended

Certain factors might make you a poor candidate for specific types of knee injections:

• Active infection in your knee or skin near the injection site would make any injection unsafe.
• If you have uncontrolled diabetes, corticosteroid injections might not be right for you since they can raise blood sugar.
• Allergies to components in certain injections would rule those out.
• Those with very advanced osteoarthritis and severe joint deformity, injections may experience limited benefits.
• If you’ve had recent knee surgery or are planning knee replacement soon, steroid injections should be avoided within 3 months of surgery.

At Northeast Knee & Joint Institute, we conduct a thorough evaluation, including imaging studies, to determine if you’re a good candidate for injection therapy.

Contact Northeast Knee & Joint Institute To Find Out What Type of Injection Should Help Your Knee

At Northeast Knee & Joint Institute, we take the time to understand your unique situation before recommending any treatment. We understand that living with knee pain isn’t just about the physical discomfort – it’s about missing out on life’s meaningful moments. Whether it’s a grandchild’s soccer game you miss or a garden you can’t tend, knee pain steals more than just comfort.

If conservative treatments haven’t given you the relief you need, we invite you to schedule a consultation at our Williamsport office. Our specialists will listen to your concerns, thoroughly evaluate your condition, and develop a personalized treatment plan to help you get back to the activities you love.

Don’t let knee pain write your story. Contact Northeast Knee & Joint Institute today and find out how osteoarthritis knee injections might be the turning point in your journey toward relief. Your knees have carried you through life – now let us help carry some of that burden for you.